Feb 2, 2010
Executives
Don Tomnitz - CEO Stacey Dwyer - EVP & Treasurer Bill Wheat - EVP & CFO
Analysts
Joshua Pollard - Goldman Sachs Meagan McGrath - Barclays Capital Dan Oppenheim - Credit Suisse Josh Levin - Citi David Goldberg - UBS Ken Zener - Macquarie Joel Locker - FBN Securities Rob Hansen - Deutsche Bank Bose George - KBW Mike Widner - Stifel Nicolaus Carl Reichardt - Wells Fargo Michael Rehaut - JPMorgan Alex Barron - Housing Research Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities Jim Wilson - JMP Securities Buck Horne - Raymond James
Operator
Good morning. My name is Courtney and I'll be your conference operator today.
At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the D.R. Horton America's Builder first quarter 2010 earnings release conference call.
(Operator Instructions). Thank you.
Mr. Don Tomnitz, you may begin your conference.
Don Tomnitz
Thank you, Courtney. Thank you and good morning.
Joining me this morning are Bill Wheat, Executive Vice President and CFO; and Stacey Dwyer, Executive Vice President and Treasurer. Before we get started, Stacey?
Stacey Dwyer
Some comments made on this call may constitute forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although D.R.
Horton believes any such statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there is no assurance that actual outcomes will not be materially different. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to D.R.
Horton on the date of this conference call and D.R. Horton does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements.
Additional information about issues that could lead to material changes and performance is contained in D.R. Horton's annual report on Form 10-K, which is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Don?
Don Tomnitz
First, we want to thank all of our DHI team members for generating our first profit since Q1 fiscal year '08. Congratulations to each of you.
We have all pursued a long and arduous road categorized by downsizing, impairing and consolidating to a just to an ever changing national, regional and local economic and housing environment. We've successfully negotiated the road together, this coupled with your superior effort to secure new law positions at attractive prices over the last year places DHI in a preeminent position in our industry with a great opportunity to build on what we have started, prides us the privilege of telling the public about your accomplishments in this conference call.
Stacey?
Stacey Dwyer
On a pretax basis including impairment we are excited to report a pretax profit at $42.8 million. Both our Home Building and Financial Services segment were profitable.
Our net income for the quarter was $192 million or $0.56 per diluted share compared to a net loss of $62.6 million or $0.20 per share in the prior year quarter. Net income for the current quarter includes an income tax benefit of $149.2 million related to the recent change in the tax law for NOL carry backs.
Don?
Don Tomnitz
Let's be clear, our goal this year is profitability in each and every quarter and for the entire fiscal year. Profitability in the second quarter will be challenging as we will not close as many homes in the second quarter as we did in the first quarter.
We are entering the quarter with 4136 homes and backlog and we will need to realize a backlog conversion ratio of greater than 100% to reach profitability. With the extension and expansion of the Homebuyer Tax Credit and with our available housing inventory, a high backlog conversion rate is entirely achievable.
But we do not expect to be as profitable as we were this quarter. In the third quarter we expect strong closings since homes must close by June 30th for the extended tax credit.
The third quarter will probably be our strongest quarter for profits this year. We expect our September quarter will be the most challenging as the tax credit support for home sales will have expired.
As we move past the selling season we will be able to get a better read on core demand and we will adjust our business accordingly. Bill?
Bill Wheat
Net sales orders for the first quarter were 4,037 homes up 45% from the same quarter in the prior year. Our average sales price on net sales orders in the quarter increased approximately 3% both sequentially and from the year ago quarter to $210,600.
Our cancellation rate was 26% in the quarter. Our sales backlog increased 3% from the prior year to 4136 homes or $884 million.
Our first quarter home sales revenues increased to $1.1 billion or 5,529 homes from $886 million or 4,068 homes in the year ago quarter. Closings were unusually strong for our December quarter driven by the original November 30th expiration date of the Homebuyer Tax Credit.
Our average closing price for the quarter decreased approximately 8% from the year ago quarter to $200,400. Stacey?
Stacey Dwyer
Our gross profit margin on home sales revenue in the first quarter were 17.1%, up 160 basis points from our homes sales margin in the year ago period and up 460 basis points sequentially from our September quarter. Approximately, 300 basis points of the sequential increase was due to the average cost of our homes declining by more than our average selling prices partially due to our success constructing and closing homes on recently acquired finished lots in new communities.
15% of the first quarter closings were from new deals that were contracted for in fiscal 2009. Margins on closings in our new project are approximately 350 basis points higher than on the remainder of our closings.
Approximately 110 basis points of the sequential increase in gross margins was due to the current quarter change in our warranty and litigation accrual as a percentage of home sales revenue. Courtney, we are hearing some background noise, can you make sure all lines are on mute, please.
Operator
Yes, just one moment.
Stacey Dwyer
I'm going to start again on that paragraph. Are we live, Courtney?
Operator
Yes, you are.
Stacey Dwyer
Okay, thank you. Approximately 110 basis points of the sequential increase in gross margin was due to the current quarter change in our warranty and litigation accruals as a percentage of home sales revenue.
The final 50 basis points was due to a decrease in the amortization of capitalized interest on property taxes. The decreased amortization resulted from reductions in our interest and property taxes incurred and capitalized over the past year and we have a greater mix of homes closed on acquired finished lots this quarter.
Bill?
Bill Wheat
As we had indicated on our year-end call, we expect lower impairments in 2010, primarily based on our reduction in our watch list at September 30th, 2009. In addition, this quarter we saw an increase in our home sales gross margin to 17.1%, an increase in average sales price on our net sales and good sales volume.
These positive results were incorporated in our first quarter impairment analysis when we reviewed all projects in the company and determined that projects with a pre-impairment carrying value of $5.3 million were impaired. We recorded inventory impairments of $1.7 million as a charge to cost of sales.
We've referred to our project, which have indicators of potential impairment, but we're not impaired as our watch list, which represents those projects deemed to be the highest risk for future impairment. Our watch list is currently $478.7 million down from $542 million at September 30, 2009 and also down from $1.2 billion at June 30, 2009.
The largest concentrations in our watch list are in California, Texas, Hawaii and Illinois. Also during our first quarter we had net recoveries of $500,000 of earnest money and pre-acquisition costs.
(Inaudible) margins and absorptions stay at current levels, we expect our impairments to remain at relatively low level in our second quarter. As we move past April 30th and the expiration of the tax credit, we will evaluate the impact on sales demand, sales prices and expected margins for sales return after April 30th.
And we will incorporate these market conditions in our inventory impairment process as necessary in the June and September quarters. We still expect our impairments in fiscal 2010 to be substantially lower than those we recorded in fiscal 2009.
Don?
Don Tomnitz
Our consistent focus on SG&A was a key to our return to profitability. We have leveraged our SG&A structured to focus on opportunities in our existing markets and division operations.
Home building SG&A expense for the quarter which includes all corporate overhead in other words a fully loaded number was $128.4 million or 11.6% of home building revenues compared to 14.1% in the year ago quarter. SG&A increased only $1.4 million or 1% on a 36% increase in homes closed.
We will continue to actively manage our SG&A levels relative to our expected number home closings. Bill?
Bill Wheat
We recorded $26.9 million in home building interest expense during the quarter we are required to expense a portion of our interest incurred as interest expense while our home building debt level continues to exceed our active inventory. Financial services pretax income for the quarter was $6.7 million compared to a pretax loss of $2.9 million in the year ago quarter.
90% of our mortgage company's business was captive during the quarter. Our company wide capture rate was approximately 61%, our average FICO score was 702 and our average combined loan-to-value was 93%.
Our product mix in the quarter was essentially 100% agency eligible with government loans accounting for 63% of our volumes. Stacey?
Stacey Dwyer
During our December quarter we received a tax refund of approximately $113 million related to our taxable loss in fiscal 2008. Subsequent to September 30 new legislation was passed that extended the NOL carry back period from two years to five years.
We evaluated our options under the five year carry back and we elected to carry back our tax loss from fiscal 2009. As a result, we increased our income tax receivable by approximately $200 million and have filed for a $352 million refund, which we expect to receive in the second quarter of fiscal 2010.
The remaining $30 million of our $382 million income tax receivable is expected to be received from state and federal tax refunds in future periods. Our deferred tax asset is now $915.2 million and is fully reserved at September 31st, 2009.
Bill?
Bill Wheat
Our total inventory decreased by approximately $80 million during the first quarter. Our homes in inventory at the end of December totaled 11,500 of which 1,100 were models 7,300 were speculative and 2,900 of these specs were completed.
Of the first quarter closings captured by our mortgage company 66% were the first time buyers who typically purchase spec homes. So we continue to manage both our total number of homes in inventory and our number of speculative homes to match expected demand.
Our unsold completed homes over the six months were 600 homes a December 31st, 2009 down from 800 at September 30. We are prepared for the spring selling season and for current demand created by the federal homebuyer tax credit with our current spec level.
We will continue to manage our spec levels very closely as we move closer to the April 30th sales contract deadline for the homebuyer tax credit. Don?
Don Tomnitz
Our land and lot acquisition investments remain controlled and we continually reevaluate our land development plans based on current sales trends. We've been actively contracting for finished lots to supplement our existing land positions and increase our current average gross margins.
In our first fiscal quarter, we invested approximately $200 million primarily in finished lots. Our spending on finished lots will be largely dependent on our sales space.
Our spending on land development cost will continue to be at very low levels. Bill?
Bill Wheat
Our supply of owned land and lots at December 31st, 2009 was approximately 88,000 lots, of which approximately 22,000 are finished lots. We control an additional 24,000 lots through option contracts and our net earnest money deposit balance for these lots is only $9.3 million.
We are focused on managing our supply of owned finished lots in line with our sales demand in a low risk capital efficient manner. Don?
Don Tomnitz
We generated approximately $220 million of operating cash flow in the quarter, which include $113 million federal income tax refund. Future cash flows excluding federal tax refunds will be dependant on our inventory levels, which will be dependant on sales levels in the spring and the summer, especially after the federal tax credit expires.
As we have mentioned before, we are focused on changing the source of our cash flow from inventory and balance sheet reductions to income. We ended the quarter with approximately $1.9 billion of unrestricted homebuilding cash.
Stacey?
Stacey Dwyer
In the December quarter, we repurchased approximately $173.2 million of our outstanding notes for $171 million plus accrued interest. The balance of our public notes outstanding at December 31st, 2009 was $2.9 billion.
Subsequent to quarter end, we have repurchased $7.5 million of our outstanding notes. We have redeemed $130.9 million of our [4:78%] senior notes which matured in January and we have announced our intent to redeem in February the remaining $95 million of our [5:78%] senior notes due 2013 at a price of 101.958%.
Our remaining note maturities in fiscal 2010 total $84.6 million. At December 31st our homebuilding leverage ratio net of cash was 28%, a 730 basis point improvement from a year ago.
This improvement in leverage compared to the prior year is due primarily to the increase in our cash balances, continued reductions in outstanding debt, and the positive impact to equity from both the expansion in the NOL carry back period, and the change in accounting principle for debt with conversion options. Bill?
Bill Wheat
On October 1st, 2009, we adopted and applied retrospectively the FASB's new authoritative guidance which specifies that the liability and equity components of convertible debt be separated and that our interest cost reflect our nonconvertible depth borrowing rate as of the issuance date of the convertible notes. As a result, the carrying value of our convertible notes has been reduced to $373.8 million at December 31st, 2009 with a primary offset to increase additional paid in capital, while the cash coupon on these convertible notes is still 2%.
The effective rate for the notes for GAAP purposes is approximately 9.7%. September 30th, 2009 and prior periods have been adjusted for this accounting change and we will file an 8-K to reflect these adjustments to our fiscal 2009 Form 10-K in the next two weeks.
Also our first quarter 10-Q that we expect to file later today will summarize the effects of this accounting change on our previously reported September 30th, 2009 financial statements. Early adoption of this authoritative guidance was not permitted.
Don?
Don Tomnitz
In summary, there were numerous positives for the quarter and most important of which include, we were profitable with a pre tax income of $42.8 million in the quarter. We saw a 45% increase in our sales with our ASP increasing both sequentially and year-over-year.
Fully loaded homebuilding SG&A, which includes all corporate overhead as a percentage of revenue was 11.6% up only $1.4 million or 1% on a 36% increase in homes closed. Positive cash flow for the past 14 consecutive quarters, now totaling over $5.4 million.
We continue to reduce our debt as reflected on our $173 million of repurchases in Q1, our announced redemption of $95 million in senior notes due 2013 and $131 million of notes, which matured in January leaving us with only $85 million on remaining maturities in fiscal 2010. Lastly and most importantly to answer some of our critics, it is clear we are selling homes at a profit.
We're working our way to do our owned law positions as evidenced by our 17.1% gross margin this quarter. There are still challenges in home building industry.
Rising foreclosures, high inventory levels of available homes, high unemployment, tightening FHA lending standards and weak consumer confidence. However, new home inventory remains low, interest rates are favorable, housing affordability as near record highs and near term demand should be boosted by the homebuyer tax credit.
We will continue our focus on providing affordable homes for the first time buyer, controlling our cost, contracting for new communities with attractively price finished lots and maintaining our strong balance sheet. Again, we want to thank all our DHI team members who continue to outperform all of our peers.
We're especially proud of our sales team, which significantly out sold all of our competitions in the industry. D.R and I have never been more proud of you, keep up the great work DHI is leading the industry into the housing recovery.
This concludes our prepared remarks and now we'll host any questions.
Operator
(Operator Instructions).Your first question comes from the line of Joshua Pollard from Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.
Joshua Pollard - Goldman Sachs
Good morning and thanks for taking my question. Don, thanks for the clarity on the seasonal trends.
I think it helps set investor expectations for the year and the quarters in context of your goal for profit. Could you take a moment and talk about the seasonality of gross profit margins in 2010?
And potentially your expectations there?
Don Tomnitz
Well, clearly we're proud to start off the first quarter with a 17.1% gross margin. I believe as we move into the second quarter, which we're currently in today, we should be able to maintain that margin into the second quarter and even into the third quarter.
After the tax credit expires and July 1 starts, I would anticipate our gross margins to run-off some in the fourth quarter. That's an unknown.
As I say, it come July 1, we're going to have a new housing environment. We're prepared to deal with whatever comes at us, and if the tax credit expires and there's not another one, then we'll deal with that just as we've dealt with everything else.
Joshua Pollard - Goldman Sachs
When you talk about the gross profit margins, you mentioned about 300, or excuse me; I think 150 basis points coming from some warranty reversals. Are your comments about second and third quarter having similar gross margins inclusive or exclusive of those factors?
And I have one quick follow-up.
Bill Wheat
This is Bill. We would expect to be able to maintain our margin just inclusive of all of those factors, the change in warranty accruals, the change in capitalized interest in property taxes, are normal occurring adjustments.
Sometimes they're increases; sometimes they're decreases, but we expect to be able to maintain our margins for the next quarter or two in the range we reported this quarter.
Joshua Pollard - Goldman Sachs
My last follow-up is, many of your competitors have talked about January being positive in particular on traffic and order levels. Are you seeing similar strength?
And could you maybe give as much detail as possible?
Stacey Dwyer
We don't have final members yet. We do expect to show a positive year-over-year comparison in January, and part of it's seasonal; part of it is driven by the tax credit.
We would typically expect to see stronger traffic beginning about now. We always look at Super Bowl Sunday; we're a week before that, but we certainly would expect to see the stronger traffic.
And we are seeing that in some of the reports that are coming in.
Don Tomnitz
And Josh, we're not big believers in tracking traffic. What Don Horton and I are really focused on are tracking sales, and notwithstanding the fact that our traffic counts may be down or less, what we're really focused on is our conversion rate, and clearly as the traffic has declined over the years, giving different months in the fiscal year, our goal is, how do we convert the amount of traffic coming through our models at any one point in time.
Joshua Pollard - Goldman Sachs
Is that conversion rate, where is that conversion rate today?
Stacey Dwyer
Actually, what we track at the corporate office is net sales. I couldn't tell you the conversion rate.
Joshua Pollard - Goldman Sachs
Okay.
Bill Wheat
But, what...
Stacey Dwyer
But we are seeing positive trends in our net sales in January.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Megan McGrath from Barclays Capital. Your line is open.
Megan McGrath - Barclays Capital
Wanted to follow-up actually on Joshua's question around seasonality. When you talk about fourth quarter being potentially your most difficult quarter, and you just talked about that on that on margin, is that the expectation that you might have to start lowering prices after the expiration of the tax credit?
Or do you actually think that 4Q volumes could be lower than, let's say 2Q, which would be pretty rare?
Don Tomnitz
Actually we do believe that fourth quarter volumes will be less than the second quarter and the third quarter volumes just simply because we believe the number of sales, we don't know exactly how many, but we believe that a number of the sales are being driven by the tax credit. So to the extent that that tax credit expires, clearly I think that'll adversely affect our sales in the fourth quarter.
Relative to inventory, we're focusing on reducing our inventory post-March to comply with the expiration of the tax credit. To the extent that there is more volume than we anticipate in the fourth quarter, we can ramp our inventory back up again.
Megan McGrath - Barclays Capital
And then to get a little bit more color on your comments around impairment, given what you've said around the potential that 2Q's going to be a little bit more difficult to achieve profitability and especially 4Q. Is that taking into account impairments?
Should we automatically expect impairments to go up next quarter given your comments around profitability? Or is that already taking that into account?
Bill Wheat
It's already taken into account. We expect as long as volumes and margins stay at reasonable levels in Q2, we expect our impairments in Q2 to remain at a relatively low level.
We will start getting a better read on where core demand is, where core margins are post-the tax credit at the end of April, and then we will factor that into our impairment evaluations.
Don Tomnitz
I think that's reflective; that's one of the reasons why we choose to share with you our watch list, because certainly as our watch list continues to decline, we anticipate our impairments to continue to decline.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Dan Oppenheim from Credit Suisse. Your line is open.
Dan Oppenheim - Credit Suisse
Thanks very much. I was wondering if you can talk about the plans in terms of building specs in inventory; you guys have done a lot better in terms of the orders, both in fiscal 4Q and 1Q based on some of the specs that you had.
How aggressive do you plan to be with specs in building them in 2Q? And what does that mean as you think about cash flow for the second quarter, given sort of the likelihood of lower closing volume?
Don Tomnitz
I'll take the first half if Stacey or Bill can take the second half. We believe we're properly positioned today with our inventory to meet the demand, i.e.
the spec inventory to meet the demand that's going to be associated with the tax credit. Clearly what we are doing currently is to the extent that we need to start additional specs to replace spec sales and those inventory, those new spec units can turn and close by the expiration period which is June 30; then we'll start additional specs, but basically we're properly spec' today and it's only a replacement of specs as we need them to meet the 6/30 closing dates.
Stacey Dwyer
And cash flow for Q2, it will be positive. We are expecting a 350 to $2 million income tax receivable.
So that's going to drive the cash flow from operations. In terms of whether we'd be cash flow positive without that, purely from an operational business basis, part of that will depend on what we do choose to do with our inventory of homes under construction, and that's going to be driven by the sales that we see over the next two months.
Go ahead.
Bill Wheat
And clearly a driver of our cash flow is our closings volume, and as we've stated, we do expect to close fewer homes in our second quarter. So that we will not have that driver of cash flow in the second quarter and we expect it to increase again in the third.
Dan Oppenheim - Credit Suisse
And I guess wondering you talked about buying land and with the cash position that you have, are you setting any goals in terms of what you'd like to acquire in fiscal 2010 in terms of number of lots or dollars to invest?
Don Tomnitz
Well, we're focused really on contracting for lots on an option basis with as little earnest money as possible. We are in a position where we really don't want to buy very many lots all-cash, unless it's at a significantly reduced price.
The bottom line is, we're not anticipating as I mentioned to you earlier in the conference call, to spend very much on land development or land acquisition or even land development. What we're really focused on is contracting for option lots as well as purchasing some lots finished lots, on a all-cash basis if the yield is there.
Bill Wheat
And the way we're managing our overall lot inventory is we are focused on our position of owned finished lots. Today we own about 22,000 finished lots; that's a little more than a year's supply.
That's pretty good. We have 24,000 optioned lots, which the vast majority of those are finished lots as well.
So we have those in position, in a flexible low-risk position, to be able to bring into our own supply as need be. So we are focused really on our own finished lots position.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Josh Levin from Citi. Your line is open.
Josh Levin - Citi
When you purchased lots during the quarter, what kind of assumptions were you making about absorption rates in home prices? Were you using absorption rates and home prices from the quarter?
Don Tomnitz
Say your question one more time now?
Josh Levin - Citi
So during first quarter when you purchased finished lots, you obviously, when you were trying to calculate the price you're willing to pay, you had to make assumptions about absorption rates and home prices going-forward. Where you using absorption rates and home prices from the first quarter when you made your decision about what price to pay for finished lots?
Don Tomnitz
Yes, especially on an all-cash basis, as again most of our purchases were under option contracts where we're doing take-downs on a monthly or quarterly basis, most of them on a quarterly basis. So yes, we're basing those purchases of those lots based upon the pricing and absorptions of Q1 to the extent that the pricing erodes into Q2 of Q3 or whenever our next take-down is.
Obviously the beautiful thing about the option contracts is that affords us the opportunity to go back and rework the price of those lots based upon what the absorption as well as of the sales price of the homes is.
Josh Levin - Citi
You got tremendous operating leverage on your SG&A during the quarter. I mean, SG&A barely moved despite the up-tick in orders.
How much more operating leverage do you think there is? Will it be this significant going-forward?
Don Tomnitz
I put this in the category of no good deed shall go unpunished. To answer your question, in this company every day from the corporate level to the regional level to the division level, SG&A is a constant focus in this company and it has been for the 26.5 years I've been here, and it has been ever since Don Horton came from Arkansas to Texas, and probably it was when he was in Arkansas, he started focusing on SG&A.
So I don't know how much more leverage we have, but clearly we are focused on trying to keep our SG&A at the current level or better. To the extent that we have fewer closings in Q2, that percentage could go up, but we have proven beyond any reasonable doubt over the last three years that we have been the most efficient operator in the industry with the lowest all-in fully loaded SG&A, and we will continue to be so.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of David Goldberg at UBS. Your line is open.
David Goldberg - UBS
First question is actually about the change of the FHA that happened recently in terms of seller funded concessions and how that's affecting the business going from 6% to 3% allowable concessions?
Stacey Dwyer
Those rules are not in effect yet, David. They are proposed and I believe the timing for implementation is going to be sometime this summer.
So it's hard to answer. If the incremental 3% closing cost is the deciding factor between when someone can buy a home, then they may have to save a little longer.
I mean, it kind of comes back to the same thing, that we were saying when some of the loan products went away you just have to plan a little longer, save a little longer to be able to get into a home.
Don Tomnitz
And as we said on our conference call, one of the things that we're looking at are all the different catalysts to our current sales and to the extent that one or two of those catalysts expire or have been canceled, then it's incumbent upon us as we have done over the last three arduous years, as I've said, to adjust our business model to deal with whatever the facts are at the time.
David Goldberg - UBS
The follow-up question is on competitive environment. When we look at the expiration of the credit that's coming, obviously, it seems to me there's a lot of public and private builders that we're talking to, are building more spec inventory this time and trying to be a little bit more prepared in terms of having units that can close on time, and I'm wondering if you can talk about the competitive landscape, if you feel like that's a trend you're seeing from your competitors?
And if you're worried about pricing in that kind of environment?
Don Tomnitz
Well, it's always interesting when they come to the dance late, which it seems like that our competitors are coming to the dance late, and that's one of the reasons we think that our Q4 will be a tougher quarter for us than any other quarter because clearly we have the spec inventory today. I think some of our competitors are just beginning to increase their spec levels and as a result, we could have additional excess new home capacity.
Our inventory in the fourth quarter, and we'll have to deal with that as we see. Clearly, we're positioned and have been positioned during this entire downturn to meet the demand that's generated by the tax credit.
I believe we are in a pre-imminent position; we've got the finished inventory in a number of our communities. We have spec inventory that's coming on at various stages of construction.
So again, I think that by virtue of the fact that the home has to be sold by April 30 and closed by June the 30th, some people better increase their inventory turns to meet the deadlines that are in place. So we feel very good and there will be competition bringing on additional inventory, but it's not nearly as competitive as where we are in terms of our cost and our pricing structure.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Ken Zener from Macquarie. Your line is open.
Ken Zener - Macquarie
You had given some good details about the gross margin, the increase. You'd talked about 300 basis points due to the cost being lower than the decline in sales there.
And then you also said 15% of your closings were tied to new lots that were roughly 350 points higher. So that means 50 bps came from the new lots and kind of 250 bps from the overall lower cost structure.
What led to that actual acceleration in this quarter as opposed to the prior quarter? And did that surprise you?
Bill Wheat
We've been preparing to report better gross profit margins. Our people have been working all this past year to reduce their costs, adjust their products and then adjust their pricing and incentive levels to the new product.
And so really, it's the culmination of the work over the past year. Our core margins showed dramatic improvement this quarter for several factors.
First, we've done a lot of work on our costs. Secondly, there still is the effect of prior impairments, although the effective impairments this quarter was actually less than it was in the fourth quarter.
And as we have seen over the last several quarters, we have continued to work through our older specs, and so we had less of an impact from old completed specs moving through our closings this quarter. So really all of those factors contributed to the improvement in our core margin.
Don Tomnitz
And please realize, we have been in an extraordinarily strong position over the last two to three quarters as we are one of the few builders starting any significant inventory in any of our subdivisions. And typically if you go subdivision-by-subdivision, as Don Horton and I do, and we see the competing subdivisions across the street from our existing subdivisions, we have started the most homes of anyone in the industry.
So as a result, the sub-contractors and the vendors are very excited about doing our work and they're very excited about pricing it competitively, so we can continue to start more homes. We have been the lifeblood of a lot of our sub-contractors and vendors.
Bill Wheat
New cost, new pricing.
Ken Zener - Macquarie
And then I guess, related to that, how do you expect over the next two quarters, I realize you're being appropriately cautious on the fourth quarter, but over the next two quarters, do you expect that 15% from new lots to go up? What do you expect it to go to?
And what are your current units under construction?
Don Tomnitz
I'll let Bill answer the second part of that question because he knows those numbers better than I, but I would say to you that we expect that 15% to increase as we continue to attract more and more sellers to us because one of the things that attract sellers to us is the fact that we are starting homes and we're carrying a higher spec inventory than most of our competitors. So we are a natural first-time buyer for lots compared to everybody else in the industry.
Bill Wheat
In terms of our homes under construction, we have 11,500 total homes under construction, of which 1100 of those are models. That's basically flat in total with where we were a quarter ago.
We have 7300 of those homes are spec this quarter. So we're prepared for the selling season with those specs.
And just a bit more color in terms of visibility on where the new project percentages could go, during the first quarter, our sales in our new projects were 25% of our total sales. So we're seeing that increase coming down the line and where it could go, that'll be really the result of the work of our people in continuing to work and sign up new projects, but we will see the increase coming in forward quarters.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Joel Locker from FBN Securities. Your line is open.
Joel Locker - FBN Securities
Hi, guys. Just on the community count, was that up again sequentially like last quarter?
Stacey Dwyer
That was up sequentially. We are still down a little bit year-over-year.
We do expect that probably to lap that some time in the next couple of quarters and actually show a positive comparison year-over-year.
Joel Locker - FBN Securities
Got you. And just a follow-up question on, do you have a breakdown of your orders per month in the first quarter?
Bill Wheat
We have it. We typically don't report our individual month results.
We did state on our last conference call that obviously October was a good month of sales as we were nearing the tax credit expiration. We saw a seasonal decline in November and in December, both seasonally and with the expiration of the tax credit.
Joel Locker - FBN Securities
Got you. All right.
Thanks a lot, guys.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Nishu Sood from Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.
Rob Hansen - Deutsche Bank
Hi, this is actually Rob Hansen on for Nishu. I know you mentioned that you're not putting many dollars into inventory this year, but I just wanted to get a sense of whether or not your active inventory will be increasing and if it will be enough to cover the interest costs.
So in other words, can we expect that excess interest line to kind of come down over the year?
Bill Wheat
We do expect it to come down somewhat over the year, primarily though because we have reduced our debt and our interest incurred is declining. It's a little difficult to predict exactly where the balance of interest incurred and where our active inventory will be versus our debt, and that will largely be dependent on what we see in the marketplace.
Right now and in the next couple of quarters, I don't expect our active inventory to increase much over the current levels. If we see better stability in the marketplace and we choose to increase our inventory down the line, then we would see an increase there, but that's a little difficult to predict on the active inventory right now.
Rob Hansen - Deutsche Bank
Okay. And then in terms of the communities that you're bringing back online, what's kind of the percentage breakdown in terms of new communities versus bringing back mothball communities?
Stacey Dwyer
Probably the best indication we have of that, Rob, is the breakdown that we just gave you on the closings for new projects and the sales as a percentage of our mix, 16% of closings, 25% of sales, the rest of it's coming from legacy projects, some of which I would say not necessarily is mothballed, but it's just as we move into new phases or additional locations, we are bringing on some projects that were not previously active.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Bose George from KBW. Your line is open.
Bose George - KBW
Hey, good morning. Actually, I had a couple of little questions on the mortgage side of your business.
One was your loans held-for-sale fell by about 56 million despite the increase in closings. I was just wondering if that just reflected your ability to sell these loans faster and curious since it did help the cash flow?
Stacey Dwyer
Bose George - KBW
Okay. Great, thanks.
And then the second issue is just on the mortgage repurchase facility that fell to six million from 69. Does that reflect your funding it with cash?
Or was it the same issue you just highlighted?
Stacey Dwyer
That's primarily the same issue I just highlighted.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Mike Widner from Stifel Nicolaus. Your line is open.
Mike Widner - Stifel Nicolaus
So most of my questions have been answered. Just wanted to ask you maybe if you could comment a little bit on the deferred tax credit, and what conditions we might need to see for that to come back onto the balance sheet?
Bill Wheat
Well, I knew we would get this question. Well, it's nice to actually be able to talk about the future potential of that, since we did have a profitable quarter.
In all discussions around the potential of bringing that back onto our balance sheet, basically what we will have to show is some consistent trend of profitability and expectations and visibility to a good solid future trend of future profitability before we can start considering bringing the valuation allowance on our deferred tax credit, off. So we don't expect that will be an event that's going to occur in the next couple of quarters, but depending on our profitability, depending on where we see in the marketplace later in this year and our visibility into 2011 and beyond, then we'll start evaluating that, but it's not a next couple of quarter event.
Don Tomnitz
And to touch on a pet peeve of mine, obviously that's a subjective analysis, and we're by tradition a much more conservative company than most of our peers, and so I would agree with Bill; it's not going to be something that's going to happen immediately.
Mike Widner - Stifel Nicolaus
And you provided some pretty good color on your expectations for gross margins over the rest of the year. Just wondering if you might also provide a little color; you've mentioned before, Don, kind of normalized gross margins in a healthy new home sales environment being kind of anywhere in the 18 to 22% range.
The 17 that you've implicitly guided toward is a bit low. Just wondering on your view, what gets that number up?
How high does it get? And how long you think it might take to get there?
Don Tomnitz
Well first of all, I think that you have to have job growth in the economy, and there is obviously no job growth to speak of today. And secondly I think we have to have consumer confidence, and thirdly I believe that a number of people in the country are still underwater on their mortgages, and I think those three things have to be cleared up before we start get back to more normalized margins.
The way that we are managing our business model here is that we certainly think that we've got two more challenging years ahead of us. I don't expect job growth or consumer confidence to change dramatically.
So I don't expect 18 to 22% gross margins on a consistent basis for a couple years. Well, that's a negative outlook, but it's a realistic one from here.
Mike Widner - Stifel Nicolaus
Well, yeah, I would agree with you on that, and let's hope that everything turns around faster.
Don Tomnitz
Yeah, it would be nice if we were wrong.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Carl Reichardt from Wells Fargo. Your line is open.
Carl Reichardt - Wells Fargo
I'm glad to hear it, Don. Just on community counts, I've got a follow-up on Joel's question earlier.
As you guys are looking out through fiscal 2010 today, can you give a sense as to where you think that's going to be sequential or year-over-year versus '09 if you have a rough idea at this point?
Stacey Dwyer
I would say right now, we don't have a rough idea that we'd have enough confidence in sharing with you; we certainly have our internal goal. A lot of it will depend on what we can bring online this year because when we're looking at option deals, our turnaround time to getting those open is really short.
So if we are successful in tying out as many option contracts as we would expect, we could see a good increase. If we're not as successful, we could be flat-to- slightly up.
Carl Reichardt - Wells Fargo
And your store size in these new communities is likely to be, I would think, substantially smaller than what you had been taking down at the peak, right?
Stacey Dwyer
That is correct.
Carl Reichardt - Wells Fargo
Do you think it's kind of...
Don Tomnitz
That will be a tradition that continues. By the way, in the time period of opening our models, we have got construction superintendents and construction managers out there who are opening these communities in 15 days from the time that we sign the contract and pour the slab.
Carl Reichardt - Wells Fargo
Okay.
Don Tomnitz
We have a model open and operational.
Carl Reichardt - Wells Fargo
Okay, great. And then, Bill, I just had a question for you back on the margin this quarter and the 110 basis points from warranty and litigation accruals.
Can you give me a little more, I think I understand where this is, but can you give me a little more detail on that? I'm assuming this is closings in which you didn't need to book the contingent warranty and it ran off, but the litigation side and what you're thinking about how that'll impact the next couple of quarters?
Do you have visibility there?
Bill Wheat
Yeah, on both litigation and warranty, really they are estimates and largely estimates of expectations of future claims based on the history of our claims, based on our tail of closings that we have closed in the past. And so each quarter as we close homes, we book an estimate of what we expect those future claims would be, and then we adjust any of our estimates based on claims history.
If you recall last quarter, the impact in the current quarter. On a percentage of revenues was actually hurt our margin by around 50 basis points if I recall.
This quarter, the adjustment there relative to last quarter was an improvement of 110 basis points. And so really, what we look at is our experience in terms of both the warranty and litigation, we look at our tail and typically we are adding to those accruals each quarter as we close additional homes.
It's just a matter of how much we add relative to the revenue that we had in the quarter. This quarter we had a much higher closings volume, and so the relative change in the overall accrual had a less impact.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Michael Rehaut from JPMorgan. Your line is open.
Michael Rehaut - JPMorgan
First question, I just wanted to circle back to earlier talk about the tax credit, but also the change in the FHA going from 6% to 3% in terms of help on the closing. In that type of world which we might enter, we'd be entering later this year, can you just give me a sense of the flexibility you have in your plans?
Because you've talked about anticipating perhaps making tweaks and changes, flexibility in terms of your average selling price? And also incremental incentives?
Don Tomnitz
First of all, I think we're better positioned than anyone in the industry with our current product as well as with our average sale prices. The way I look at the changes in all, whether it be FICO scores, whether it be the 3% to 6% or 6% to 3%, we're all going to have to deal with it as the buyers come in our door.
And I think that we're properly positioned to do that. I think to take the noise away from the industry, it would be good to get whatever is going to be enacted, enacted, and whatever's going to be terminated, terminated so that we get back to a more normalized homebuilding environment and get the tax credits and that sort of thing out of our business so that we can fully compete with one another out there and we believe we're better positioned to compete in the industry than anyone else.
So we're hoping that we get back to no tax credit, whatever the FHA percentage is, and let's move on and find out who's standing when it's all said and done.
Michael Rehaut - JPMorgan
But I guess what I'm getting at is the 200 ASP that we saw on orders in the quarter, I mean, could that just within the mix that you offer go to 180 without a real drop in gross margins? Do you have the flexibility in terms of your product offering with similar margins to make an adjustment?
Or would you have to give some back on incentives and discounts?
Don Tomnitz
I think it's going to be a combination of both. But let me say clearly as Don Horton and I have been in the field for three weeks a month for the last two years, one of the things that we've done very well in this company, and we'd invite anyone who's listening or any of the analyst community to come out, we've really repositioned our products such that we are building in Albuquerque, homes from 800 square feet and larger.
And in California, we're building homes that are selling from 160, down 50, 60% off the peak, so notwithstanding whatever changes, I think we're positioned with our product to the extent and with a good margin in it because we don't have loss leaders in this company; we track, as we've said for years, every house is a profit center for us. And we don't have loss leaders in any one community.
So our low end product, our lowest priced product in the company should make the same gross margin as the remaining product in that particular subdivision. So we believe we're well-positioned to handle whatever comes at us.
Michael Rehaut - JPMorgan
Okay. Thanks, Don.
And just a couple of housekeeping. The impact from prior impairments, Bill, if you could give that for the quarter, you had mentioned that as well as can you give us a sense of the average incentive that you're offering today as a percent of home price?
And where that was relative to the peak? And what normal is?
Bill Wheat
In terms of the impairment release this quarter, on homes gross margin that was $117 million release that had an impact of 10.5% on margin. That's actually a lower impact than last quarter when we had $134 million run through and a 13.3% impact last quarter.
And in terms of overall incentive percentages compared to history, we don't report those in terms of specific numbers because a lot of things go into that. But where we are today with our adjusted product, with our adjusted cost, with our pricing that we have set based on that cost in the marketplace today, clearly we are offering fewer incentives than we were a year or two ago.
You go into a subdivision and we have our standard price and you have your standard incentive package that's there. But that's less than we were offering a year or two ago.
Don Tomnitz
Mike, along those lines to follow up on your question of earlier, there are a lot of competitors trying to figure out what they really are. They're analyzing this subdivisions and their product lines and all these sorts of things to try to create these niches.
There's one thing about Horton. Truly the heart of the market today is entry-level.
We know what we are; we're the king of entry-level and no one understands it like we do. So we're well-positioned to continue to capitalize on the heart of the market.
Michael Rehaut - JPMorgan
I appreciate that, Don. And Bill, just one last thing.
You had given us some directional guidance in terms of the incentives. Is it also safe to say though that you still have a bit to go to get back to a normal level?
Bill Wheat
Well clearly in a more healthy housing environment where there's job growth and there's a demand that we've seen at healthier times in the past, clearly yeah, there could be a time when we would see fewer incentives than we see today, but as Don has shared, we still are very realistic about what the future may hold and the overall health of the economy and the housing market. So we could be a ways away from that sort of environment again.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Alex Barron from Housing Research. Your line is open.
Alex Barron - Housing Research
Don, I was wondering if you could share your thoughts on the shadow inventory concerns I guess some people have?
Don Tomnitz
Yeah. There's no question that there is shadow inventory out there.
I was reading a bunch of reports last night before this conference call, and it's astounding to me, one, that still the high level of people who are underwater on their mortgages in some of the key markets for the whole industry as well as the number of people who are delinquent and in foreclosure, coupled with the fact of the bank inventory of foreclosed units. So I think we're going to be continually dealing with that over the course of the next couple of years.
That's why we think the next couple of years in the industry will be challenging. The thing that can help the industry the most is for us to begin to have some, as we've had, stabilization in values.
I was looking at a list of our ASPs and it's pretty interesting to me; out of 33 of the markets that we track, we really only, in our humble opinion, have weakness in our pricing in about four or five of those markets and the rest of our markets have stabilized pretty well. But to get back to a point where we have some appreciation in housing values, I think is the only thing that's going to make our industry better going forward.
We're going to be fighting the shadow foreclosure, the delinquencies, all of these people underwater on their mortgages. We have to get housing values back somewhere closer to where they were, which is a long-term process.
Alex Barron - Housing Research
I was also wondering, you guys mentioned you had, I believe it was 22,000, maybe I didn't get the number right, 22,000 finished lots that you own and then you also had some other finished lots that you optioned. So my question is, what happens if you couldn't find additional option lots?
Are you guys going to start developing those other lots that you have? And how much money would it take to continue to develop those?
Or are you going to prefer to keep on looking for distressed finished lots?
Don Tomnitz
Well, I think the answer to both questions is yes. Currently we still see an adequate supply of lots in most of our markets of what we call finished lots, owned by others who we can buy on an option basis.
We do have land that is mothballed. We pull some of the land out every quarter and begin to develop it when it makes economic sense for us to develop it.
So as a result, I think most of our lot inventory houses will continue to be built on the 22,000 lots that we own. That's our goal, to work our way through our existing lot inventory as well as to work our way through our 24,000 option lots, and continue to add to those.
We have some partially finished lots. Once we get finished with the vast majority of our 22,000 finished lots, then we'll start focusing on how we work our way through the partially finished lots.
I somewhat, am disappointed as people continue to focus on our owned lot inventory. And I would say to you that we've done a wonderful job of continuing to work our way through our owned lot inventory as it makes economic sense and supplementing that with option deals.
The fact that we have $1.9 billion in cash, we're one of the few builders starting specs in most of our markets, makes us the pre-eminent buyer for these option deals. So I look at our owned lot inventory and say, it's slowly but surely being merged in with our closings on option lots, and we're having a wonderful merged gross margin on both product lines.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Timothy Jones at Moloney Securities. Your line is open.
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
I hope D.R. is finally smiling.
Some housekeeping things. What were your cancellation rates a year ago?
Don Tomnitz
Was it not, I think it was 28%...
Bill Wheat
26 this year.
Don Tomnitz
26%?
Stacey Dwyer
Q1 '09, 38%
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
38, okay. Secondly, Bill, you gave the units under construction of 11,500, including 1100 models; can you give the same number for the same period last year?
December last year and the specs?
Don Tomnitz
While he's looking up that number, I will agree with you that one of our shareholders at our annual meeting noticed that Horton was smiling. He walked up and said, well, must be that you're returning to profitability, Horton, because you're smiling.
So you're exactly right, he is smiling. And he doesn't smile much.
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
Tell me about it.
Bill Wheat
Tim, a year ago our total homes under construction at December 31, 2008 were 10,700 homes. And at that point in time we had 1400 models.
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
And how many specs?
Bill Wheat
Total specs were 6200.
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
Okay. Second question now, if you pull out those numbers, you basically got 3100 sold homes and 7300 specs right now.
You said you expected to deliver over 100% of your backlog, which is a little over 4,000 but less than your deliveries of 5,000, or 5500. Assume 4500, is it safe to say that you'll delivered probably about 2,000 or two thirds of the 3100 under construction and about one third of the 7300 specs, to be about roughly 4500?
Don Tomnitz
Would you like to come to work in our accounting department?
Bill Wheat
Our total backlog is 4100. So 4500 closings would be approximately...
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
You've only got 3100 under construction.
Bill Wheat
Yeah, 3100 under construction. Okay, but we talked about, we need to achieve greater than 100% backlog conversion.
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
So that's over 4,000, 4,500.
Bill Wheat
Yeah, it would have to be over...
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
So you are basically tied to about one third of the specs. The question is, let's say you do 2500 specs and 2,000 from the other.
You're still going to have almost 5,000 specs left and you know, you're only going to have one more month after the quarter to take advantage of the full tax credit. Yes, you can take care of lesser wants but does that cause you some pause?
Stacey Dwyer
Well, Tim, the good news is...
Don Tomnitz
Let me first of all say, Jones, you were with Horton one time when he was asleep at the wheel. I assure you that we're not asleep at the wheel on specs, okay?
Stacey Dwyer
I think what your analysis is missing is that we're going to continue to sell homes this quarter. So not every home that is a spec today is going to be a spec when we report again at March 31.
Bill Wheat
It will be in backlog. If it has not closed, it will be in backlog at March 31 and we have one more quarter to then close that backlog.
Timothy Jones - Moloney Securities
Nice answer. Nice dodge on that one.
Bye-bye.
Don Tomnitz
Don't worry about our specs. We will control those better than anyone else.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Jim Wilson at JMP Securities. Your line is open.
Jim Wilson - JMP Securities
I guess my first question, you mentioned that there are only a few markets left where you were seeing any weakness on pricing. Could you just give maybe, I don't know, your top three in terms of strength of pricing and weakness in pricing in terms of geographic location?
Don Tomnitz
Firmly one, I'll combine all of Texas and hopefully that will suffice, but I look at Houston, it had an extraordinary quarter and is having an extraordinary second quarter. I say the same thing about San Antonio and both of our Dallas/Fort Worth markets and even a tough market like Austin is right now; we're doing very well in Austin.
So I think Texas, because of the fact that we didn't have any big peak, we didn't have much of a valley, and we have good job growth in Texas. I was reading the other day that we're expected to generate the 100,000 new jobs in Texas in calendar year 2010.
So I look at Texas as certainly a strong market. And the weak markets continue to be Las Vegas, and certainly Phoenix.
There are a lot of people underwater on their mortgages in both of those markets and there are foreclosures and delinquencies. The good thing about both of those markets is that the listings are declining in each one of those markets.
And that's a function of a couple of things, I think people are taking their homes off the market because they can't sell them. And secondly, I think the banks are doing a good job of metering out the foreclosed homes they have.
So that's my read on the strong and the weak.
Jim Wilson - JMP Securities
Okay. And then my other question is on the land acquisition environment.
So obviously you did, I guess, a pretty good job in at least spending a couple hundred million dollars and you suggested, obviously, higher margins. Could you describe as you look at it kind of incrementally in the deals you're looking at now, is pricing on lots stable?
Or is it getting more competitive and thus higher? Or how would you kind of characterize it?
Don Tomnitz
I think it's becoming a more competitive environment, both at the number of potential buyers as well as the pricing. Certainly I think that the investors who entered the market three years ago entered a tad early.
I think the investors who are entering today think that the homebuilding environment is going to continue to improve. And we'll have to see what that holds.
As we said earlier, we can see our way to July 1, and then thereafter we'll have to see what the homebuilding market affords us. We're well-positioned to meet whatever the challenges are, but I think in general, for a temp I think there could be temporary market condition where we've got more buyers and at higher prices than what we've encountered over the course of the past 12 months.
It's not good, but those are the facts.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Buck Horne from Raymond James.
Buck Horne - Raymond James
Sounds like most of my questions have been answered here, and I don't want to extend the questioning on specs too much further, but would you be willing to quantify or just kind of give us a ballpark idea what you think the right number of specs you'd like to enter the fourth quarter with would be given where you think demand would drop off to?
Stacey Dwyer
Bill Wheat
Don Tomnitz
Buck Horne - Raymond James
Okay. And in terms of cycle times, can you give us little bit of color on how fast you can start and guarantee a delivery, given the pace that you're working at today?
And how fast can we put houses in the ground and deliver them before the tax credit deadline?
Don Tomnitz
Well, and that's going to vary by subdivision and division, depending upon the size of the product and how complicated it is, but it also depends upon the division, but largely speaking, we can deliver product in some of our markets within 60 days and in some markets it's going to take us four months. So each one of our divisions and each one of our subdivisions, in terms of supplementing our existing specs, we are looking at whether or not we have time to construct those and meet the 6/30 deadline.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Joel Locker from FBN Securities. Your line is open.
Joel Locker - FBN Securities
Yes, just a follow-up question, Don. Did you mention the percentage of closings that were at FHA in the first quarter?
Or VA?
Don Tomnitz
We did, but we'll have to find it again.
Stacey Dwyer
I believe government in total was a little over 60%.
Joel Locker - FBN Securities
63%?
Stacey Dwyer
Yeah, we'll get you the exact number here. 63% in the quarter and then FHA was 47%.
Joel Locker - FBN Securities
47%. All right.
Thanks a lot.
Operator
There are no further questions. Mr.
Tomnitz, I turn the call back over to you.
Don Tomnitz
Thank you, and thank you for joining our conference call. Once again I give all of our teammates out there our heartfelt congratulations and appreciation because you absolutely outperformed the industry this quarter.
As I said on my email this morning, now we have to go do it quarter-by-quarter-by-quarter, and we have a challenging second quarter ahead of us, but fully we expect all of you to do as good a job as you did in the first quarter. Our goal is to make money, a profit in each one of the four quarters this year and for the fiscal year.
So, let's go do it again. You're only as good as your last deal.
Thank you, and good-bye.
Operator
This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.