Thank you. Good morning, everyone.

I hope you're all well. Let me start our conversation if I permit the slide to you and reinforce that we remain focused on re-rating Vale by derisking and reshaping our company.

On the reparation front, actions provided in the Brumadinho reparation agreement are progressing well. Payment obligations are in full swing, and we are now detailing social economic projects in Brumadinho and other 25 municipalities in the Paraopeba basin.

These projects were selected based on popular consultation, and they cover health, social development, infrastructure and agriculture within a fast responsive package. In safety, we began the de-characterization of Dique Auxiliar, 1 of the 5 upstream structures to be eliminated in 2022, which will total 12 by the end of this year.

The de-characterization program has its schedule agreed with the Brazilian authorities in February this year through a term of commitment. This brings more legal and technical certainty to the elimination of our 23 remaining upstream dams in Brazil.

On production resumption, despite a few challenges, we are on plan to deliver the 2 most important milestones for this year: Torto dam and [indiscernible]. As we have been saying, we are building a better Vale with capital discipline and creating value for all of our stakeholders.

This first quarter is seasonally the lowest in production. In addition, we had further operational challenge.

Despite that, we managed to reach some important milestones towards increased production stability and value creation. In iron ore, we achieved a solid premium of $9 per ton, the highest since the second quarter of '19.

That's the evidence of our high-quality portfolio in a tight market for high-quality products. On the other hand, production was down year-on-year, a result of operational constraints, which will be covered in detail by later, but we are overcoming those obstacles.

In the Southern system, performance increased by 11% year-on-year despite the strong rainfall in January. With that, I'm confident that production levels will increase as planned in the coming quarters to meet our annual production guidance.

In Base Metals, we gave another important step reinforcing Vale's position as a supplier of choice by EV market, a multiyear agreement with Northvolt to supply low-carbon nickel products for batteries. On production stability, the Sudbury mines achieved 3 strike run rates, supportive of production for the upcoming quarters.

Deshnee will provide more details later. Finally, in capital allocation, we paid $3.5 billion in dividends and divest very well with the execution of our buyback program.

Talking now about the integration between business and ESG strategy. As you know, our product portfolio is shaped to foster the development and the fusion of environmentally friendly technologies by our clients.

One example of that is the start of construction of Tecnored's first commercial plant in the state of Pará. Tecnored technology is innovative, enabling the production of green pig iron from the substitution of metallurgical coal by biomass.

This means up to 100% reduction in CO2 emission and 10% to 15% lower operating cost and CapEx intensity. This is in line with our strategy to provide steelmakers with viable solutions for their decarbonization investments, also contributing to Vale's net Scope 3 emissions reduction target of 15% by 2025.

This is one of the initiatives that differentiates Vale's portfolio and strategically positions the company to face the climate challenge. On our road map to build a better Vale, reshaping means optimizing portfolio, solving cash drains and focusing on our core businesses.

In this sense, we have made substantial progress this quarter by completing the divestment from our coal business and also closing the sale of our stake at CSI. Finally, we reached a binding agreement for the sale of our Midwestern System for $150 million, in addition to transferring take-or-pay obligations, which priced the transaction at $1.2 billion in enterprise value.

Those were major steps that creates value for the company and drive us towards a much more focused and leaner portfolio of assets. Speaking of creating and sharing value, based on the successful progress of our 2 share buyback programs, we announced the launching of a third one for up to 500 million shares to be repurchased within 18 months.

Combined, the 2 1st programs comprised almost 10% of Vale's outstanding shares. After the completion of the third buyback program, we will have repurchased almost 20% of the company's outstanding shares.

This means that for shareholders with positions since before our first program, without expanding any additional dollar, their participation in future earnings would have increased by almost 25% when we have completed this program. This is one of the results of our commitment to create value and share it with our shareholders.

I'll now turn the floor over to Deshnee for her remarks on the quarterly results for base metals. Thank you.

Thank you, Eduardo. Good morning, everyone.

I would like to start by talking about the progress we have made towards our strategic agenda. During this quarter, we signed a multiyear agreement to supply our low-carbon nickel to Northvolt, a partner who values producing batteries from low-carbon sources.

We have also successfully added further carbon certification for some of our other nickel roofline products in Sudbury and [indiscernible] as well as for our copper concentrates produced in Salobo. This is in addition to the certification we have previously received for our long harbor nickel rounds.

This is an important achievement that reinforces our position to supply low-carbon products to support energy transition, especially for the growing EV market. Secondly, we have just announced locally in Indonesia the signing of a framework agreement with YU Cobalt to jointly develop our formula H Power project to produce up to 120,000 tonnes of nickel in MHP.

YU's technical experience, expertise and track record is a perfect complement to our world-class Pomona deposit and our multi-decade operational experience in Indonesia. This is a significant milestone that reflects our long-standing commitment to developing this world-class resource in Indonesia to further deliver into a growing nickel demand.

Next slide. In nickel, the year-on-year lower volumes were largely explained by the pace of the ramp-up of Sudbury mines and the ramp-up of the VBME project.

However, our Sudbury mines for the end of quarter 1 achieved pre labor disruption mining rates, and Antapuma operation had a stable production performance. In copper, we had planned for a lower production quarter as a result of the scheduled Sossego sand ball maintenance and the lower mine grades from Salobo in H1.

We were impacted by the decision we took to extend the Sossego planned maintenance to bring forward the replacement of the mill discharge trunnion due to the extent of where we uncovered when we've commenced with the maintenance. We are on track to restart the Sossego plant by mid-May.

We were also impacted by the increased seismicity at our Coleman Mine in Sudbury, which impacted mining a high-grade copper section in the quarter. This can still be accessed.

There are several initiatives underway that will continue to derisk our copper production going forward. Sossego mining performance for the quarter is slightly ahead of plan, which enables the plant to run at maximum capacity after the restart.

We achieved 25,000 tonnes run rate in quarter 3 and quarter 4 last year. And I am certain that we can achieve similar, if not slightly higher run rate once the maintenance is completed.

Salobo mining is on plan as we are seeing the benefit of the mine maintenance work from last year and are on track to deliver 30% more mine movement this year. The Salobo plant has just completed a planned maintenance too and will assist with improved reliability.

Salobo plant has previously achieved the required 48,000 to 50,000 ton quarterly run rate. Finally, in North Atlantic, with the increasing production rates and the additional opportunities being worked on, we are confident that we can offset some of the losses from quarter 1.

The next slide. Finally, moving to the nickel prices, which has attracted a lot of attention recently.

Our nickel price realization was up 16% in the quarter. This price realization can be split into 3 main factors: first, the aggregate premium and discount for nickel that is taking into account our entire product portfolio.

In this quarter, we have achieved strong price realization from our Class 1 products. However, the product mix was impacted by the higher sales of the intermediates, mostly nickel mat, which is typically sold at a 20% to 25% discount to LME.

The second factor is the market pricing, that is how sales are distributed along the quarter and the quotation of price for the contracts. So despite the high LME price in March and in the quarter, the lower previous period prices affected the quarter's price.

Our typical monthly QP is split about half in the current month and half in the past month. This explains the $2,000 difference between LME and the realized price.

And lastly, we have some fixed pricing. We typically hedge a smaller portion of our sales.

Our hedge contracts are not subject to margin calls. As we apply hedge accounting to those contracts, the only effect we see is the equivalent to a fixed price sale at about $20,000 with no issues on liquidity or mark-to-market for those contracts.

Given the soaring prices in the quarter, we have had a negative impact on our hedge results. I now hand over to Marcelo to take us through the iron ore performance.

Thank you, Deshnee. Well, in our last conference call, I finished my presentation talking about the flight to quality trend.

We highlighted that, that decarbonization path, the optimization of the blast furnace in the short term and the massive use of direct reduction in the future will support a strong demand for high-quality ores. On the other hand, there is a limited supply of the high silica ores.

And we said that we have many signs that this trend is becoming a reality. So you can see in this chart that we have a gap between this 58 Index in the 65 Index now over $70.

That's the Class 1 iron ore that we've been talking about. Vale performed a great price realization in the first quarter, driven by 4 main reasons: the first one, the cost of the coke, we need a necessity -- we have a necessity to optimize the cost of energy in the blast furnace; second, the lack of quality that are coming from our competitors, we have high silica aluminum, high aluminum, less concentrate coming from CIS, and even the domestic market, we have a lower production for the concentrate; third, pellet premiums; and finally, we are taking advantage of our portfolio.

We've been improving the quality through the filtration plans, the BRBF, and now we are reducing the high silica ores also concentrated in China. Moving to next slide.

Let's talk about the production plan for 2022. I want to reinforce our production guidance for this year.

It's a range between 320 million and 335 million tons. As we mentioned in our production report comparing to last year, we had some one-off events due to the heavy rainy season in the South and in the North, almost offset by the full operation that are coming from the asset that we were ramping up last year coming from the South, coming from the Southeastern system.

We are also facing the reflect of the delays of what we call the rolling license process in the North range. That made our strip ratio increase in the North range.

In spite of many challenges, we can say that we have some good news here. We improved more than 12% the waste movement in the North branch.

And we could plan and execute the major maintenance activity in S11D in the first quarter. There are others in the second quarter.

So in the first half, we can say that we have less impact in the production -- annual production due to the seasonality. As an example, we are installing the EBIT crushers in the first half, and we already replaced the conveyor belt, the very important conveyor belt in the S11D.

In April, we are adding more than 2 million tons compared to last year. We can say that we prepared the North range for more availability in the second half, and we will have the same effect of the annualized production coming from the South and the Southeastern system that we resumed last year.

Finally, we're going to have the Gelado project in the second half, and we are expecting some license for small pits in the North branch. Now moving to the third slide.

We want to track our plan to bring over the 50 million tons in midterm to support -- to supply the market if the market needs, so following system by system. In the North Range, we want to also track the new ore bodies that are under license, the N3 and N2, N1.

S11D keep the evolution of the learning curve of the OBK. We have also to install in 2 years the new waste crusher.

But we also have the plus-10 and the plus-20 projects, big projects that are coming in the future. In Itabira.

Itabirucu, we have a good news here. We have -- we resumed the raising works.

We expect the first phase for this year and the second phase for next year. So in the end of the year, we are -- we'll be able to improve the capacity in Itabira.

And finally, Brucutu, Torto sam works are concluded. We are in the last phase going after the final permits to operate this asset, and we need to keep on track the license process for the stock filings for tailings.

I'll be here for further questions, and I'll hand over to Gustavo.

Thanks, Marcello, and good morning, everyone. I would like to start with a review of the main drivers for our EBITDA performance in the quarter.

As you can see, our first quarter EBITDA was about $6.4 billion, $480 million lower than Q4 '21. This decline was caused mainly by the 33 million tons decline in sales of iron ore fines and pellets given our normal seasonality with lower sales in the beginning of the year.

This was mostly offset by better realized prices for iron ore, reflecting the $32 per ton higher reference price and higher quality premiums in Q1. Now on to our cost performance.

As discussed since Vale Day, this is one of our strategic priorities, which we see even more relevant today given the very high inflationary environment we are all living in. Just as a reminder, our goal for the year is to keep our fixed cost plus sustaining in local currency, in line with the 2021 levels.

For that, we have been working on a series of initiatives over the last several months with real benefits being already captured in our financials, resulting in a very limited fixed-cost variation on a quarter-over-quarter basis. Now how does that translate into our C1 and all-in costs for the quarter and full year forecast?

As you can see in the next slide, our C1 ex third-party purchase for the first quarter 2022 was $18.7 per ton, higher than our Q4 by $2.2 per ton, mostly driven by lower volume and the effect of fuel prices and FX, with all the inflationary pressure being offset by the initiatives I just highlighted. Looking into our full year forecast for C1 ex third party purchases, if we were to assume average Brent for the year at around $100 per barrel and FX rate at BRL 5 per dollar we would be around $18.5 to $19 per ton versus last year, full year at $16.5 per ton.

In terms of all-in cost and assuming similar parameters, including average bunker at $600 per ton, we would be running 2022 at a pace similar to 2021, with premium offsetting the effect of inflationary pressures. Just note that all these numbers already exclude the Midwestern System, for which the sale was recently announced.

Now turning to cash generation on the next slide. The EBITDA to cash conversion for this quarter was mainly affected by greater tax payment.

For our tax regime, our monthly income tax payments are calculated based on revenues generated, and any necessary adjustment is made in the first quarter of the following year. So what you see here is seasonally higher disbursement for the first quarter given better results last year.

On working capital, we had the usual impact of increasing accounts payable in Q1 following the higher investments in Q4. Also, there was an impact of the profit share in distribution in the beginning of the year.

Finally, and most important, on the capital allocation front, we returned $5.3 billion in dividends and share buyback. We remain committed in reverting an important share of our cash generation to our shareholders supported by our strong balance sheet.

These outflows were slightly offset by the inflows of around $500 million from the sale of our stake in California still. Now let me turn to our expanded net debt evolution in the next slide.

We ended up Q1 with an expanded net debt of $19.4 billion compared with $15.1 billion for Q4. Part of this increase is a result of the outflows presented in the prior slide and were very much in line with our expectation for the quarter, as I had anticipated in our last call.

Another driver is the effect of FX rate on the BRL-denominated obligations that composed our expanded net debt commitments. During the quarter, the Brazilian real appreciated by around 15%, which caused our commitments denominated in reais to increase in dollar terms by around $2.2 billion.

This was partially offset by the mark-to-market of our hedge positions with a positive impact of $813 million. We expect our expanded net debt to benefit in the next quarters through higher sales and lower onetime cash outflows, such as tax payments.

During this quarter, we also reviewed with our Board a change in our optimal leverage from $15 billion to a range of $10 billion to $20 billion under the same expanded net debt concept. This provides us with greater flexibility, and it's a reflection of a proactive liability management performed in the last several months with no relevant financial amortizations due by 2024, a sustainable increase in our production capacity and a very disciplined cost and CapEx management.

So before opening up for Q&A, I would like to reinforce the key takeaways from today's call. We remain laser-focused on delivering on our strategic and financial objectives.

Our uniquely positioned portfolio of assets will benefit substantially from the energy transition. On production, we are confident on delivering the volumes within the previously disclosed guidance range.

And finally, we'll continue to maintain a very disciplined capital allocation process, as evidenced by our announcement today of a new share repurchase program of 500 million shares. With that, I would like to open the call for questions

Yes, can you hear me?

Yes, yes, yes, Leonardo.

Okay. Perfect.

My first question to Gustavo. Gustavo, on the cash returns, right?

I think the big news of the day was the buyback. I think no 1 was really expecting the level of increase that you guys announced, right, from 200 million to 500 million shares on a similar time frame, right?

The question I want to ask because we've been using over the past hours has been on have this or if this changed the way you treat dividends? And more particularly, if this changes the way you treat the extraordinary dividends, right?

Because if we look at Vale's cash returns over the past couple of years, it's been mainly focused on dividends. The bulk of cash flows have been returned via dividends.

So now with this much higher level of buybacks, I think the question is, will you potentially leave the extraordinary dividends aside and just focus on the minimum plus this buyback? Or do you think you can do the 3 together?

So that's my first question. The second one to Spinelli.

Spinelli, if I may, of course, it's a very volatile and very difficult environment to try to understand in China, right? But we're seeing a lot of lockdowns.

We're seeing all the logistics bottlenecks. We're seeing some ports lockdown, shutdown.

We don't know exactly how this can evolve going forward. My question to you is whether the order books that you're seeing over April and May in China, are you seeing any weakness?

I mean, any temporary issues on selling your iron ore into China? I mean, how can you report on that front?

I mean, are sales normal to China? Are you experiencing any delays or any potential shipments that could be rolled over into the third quarter?

That would be my -- most of my questions, guys.

Well, I'm going to use the new world, the new normal to answer your question, then Gustavo is in front of me here, so he will add up because I think it's a very important question that you posed. Because as you understand, like we've always talked about the pockets, right?

We generate cash. Last year, we returned 95% of free cash flow.

First of all, we need to keep our commitments obliged, that's why we did extended that concept, an obligation to execute them, our growth, our safety and what's coming after. First is our policy, our dividend policy.

That's sacred. We want to keep this as a concept, when you look 5 years from now and look back, Vale has been consistently, predictably paying its policy, okay?

What is above that? That's your question.

Were you going to treat it in a very specific way for the moment that we are undergoing. Obviously, we prefer buybacks because they are permanent [Technical Difficulty].

But they come as like a bucket lease, more or less. Safety, growth, the policy, buybacks and extraordinaries, I think we can do the 3.

And sorry because I had to jump over, Gustavo, but it's so dear to my heart that -- I'll ask Gustavo now to really explain it.

Yes. I think Eduardo covered well, right?

So we've -- given where the stocks are trading, we continue to believe this is probably one of the best, if not the best investments that we have is to buy back our own share. We've been very active, as we've seen in our prep remarks.

We've purchased almost 10% of Vale in the last 12 months. So that will take us to an almost 20%.

So this is certainly very accretive for our shareholders, and we'll continue to put a lot of effort on that, as you saw in our announcement last year. It doesn't mean we cannot do extraordinary dividends.

I think we will assess at its due time. Of course, it will depend on our cash flow for the year.

We are very constructive for the year despite some of the challenges that we are all seeing. We continue to be very constructive in our ability to generate strong cash for the year.

So I think -- and on top of that, we do have already a very well-established dividend policy, right, with a payout of 50%. So to Eduardo's point, I think we can do both.

But certainly, at today's valuation, buying back our own share is highly accretive from our perspective.

And long term.

Leo, thank you for your question. Well, this is -- I think is the -- one the most important questions for today, right?

So China is dealing with the COVID, and how is the impact for our goal for this year. So in short term, just answering your question directly, we don't see any problem with our clients.

I think it's the opposite. We -- the liquidity in the market is getting higher and higher last week, this week.

They have now a weekend and a holiday, but the liquidity is really high. Our inventories is declining and also the whole inventory is declining.

And there is the strong support. And if you see the numbers to support that, all the viability, the use of the blast furnace as a whole increase in this week to 83%, 84% -- 86% comparing to 85% last week.

So all the signs we see that there is a support for downstream demand. And definitely, they seem to be committed to their goal of 5.5% GDP growth.

And we have all the deployment, after that infrastructure, very heated. You see the FAI, the more -- the 8% growing, new projects are coming.

So everything is -- you can see in the numbers. But the sentiment, at the same time, we see they are struggling in Shanghai.

Other information for you, we don't have any problem in our supply chain. All of our lineups are same -- in the same level that you used to be in the same period of the year, and the operations are flowing very well.

So we are happy to see the numbers going on.

So my first question is on divestments. I just wanted to ask, after VNC and Moatize, the Midwestern System, which other assets are still candidates for divestments?

And then my second question, the company has been talking a lot about several value unlocking avenues for the Base Metals division. One of them is setting up a potential partnership.

I just wanted to ask, if you do choose to go down this road, what would be the main angles that you're looking to exploit to unlock this value, whether it is through synergies via logistics, SG&A or if it is consolidating the nickel Class 1 market further. Anything else that you see as a potential here?

Caio. Gustavo here.

So I'll get started with the divestments, and then I'll pass to Eduardo to cover Base Metals. So yes, we've done a lot.

We've cleaned up most of the noncore assets out of our portfolio. And we've been saying that there's 2 other candidates in the last, CSV and MRN.

Both processes are ongoing, we've said that publicly, and we'll keep the market updated once we have any news on that. But those would be the final ones in our last today.

So with that, I'll pass to Eduardo.

Okay. Thanks, Caio.

A very good question and complex to answer. I'll try to be objective, okay?

But we need to start, because of obvious reasons, there's no decision taking that direction, okay? What we have, I think this brings to your question, is an asset that nobody else has it, okay, nickel fundamentally speaking.

We're talking about an asset that is CDE based in Canada. ESG, totally aligned in Indonesia because we are operating there for more than 50 years and the best resources in the world.

So nobody has it. So we need to extract value from it.

So that's the main angle. If you ask me what is the angle?

It's uncovering value from this extremely high-quality assets that has one of the best resource and reserves in the world. So that's the first angle that we need to be mindful.

I think we have, as in your first question, a track record of delivering what we say that we are going to do. We said that we're going to exit VNC, we exited.

We said that we're going to exit what is responsibly, and we did. And I think with that track record, we are going to uncover the value that we have at Base Metals that is unique, as I already mentioned.

What kind of options can we have? That's, again, going to -- reminding again about my first comment, there's no decision taken whatsoever.

There are several. There are several avenues that we can choose to go.

You can partner, you can spin, you can keep it as it is because if we execute well because that's the part I jumped, we need to execute well. I would even ask Deshnee to comment a little bit because she's here with us in Brazil as well today.

And I think she -- she's going tomorrow to Salobo, by the way. So there are huge efforts to transform the business as a Q2 -- we saw first quarter was not a very good one.

So we need to prove that we're a reliable operator, predictable operator. We can do that.

We did that in the railways in Vale. We are doing that in iron ore, and we are going to do that in Base Metals as well.

So the path to choose and to uncover this value path, first of all, in building reliability, building a credible business, keeping our growth projects online like VBME, our sustaining and growth projects like VBME or CCM in nickel and Alemão, for instance, like in copper. And obviously, if option A is extracting this value inside Vale, it's not enough, we're going to analyze other options that -- some of those I just mentioned before.

But the angle, if I can be objective to you, is to uncover value. And we have been doing that with the other assets that we reshaped.

And I agree with you, this is the last reshape that Vale has to do.

Thank you, Eduardo. Exactly all parts to unlocking value for Base Metals starts off with a solid execution.

I have mentioned this in the previous call, there were 4 work streams that the Base Metals teams and I are working on. Starting off with the mines' productivity, and linking to that safety, we have plans for every asset across the business.

And it's good to see some of these quicker wins coming through, as is reflected by the 22% increase we've seen from January until March in our daily production rates at Sudbury. The focus, of course, has to increase in South Atlantic, which is very much the downstream, focus on making sure that the assets are better maintained and that we can improve reliability.

But we know to be successful, it's not just for getting to safe, reliable production, but we have to get down the cost curve. And that is why the next initiative we have is focusing on our third-party spend.

And that, we are hoping to at least offset the inflation for this year, but start to look for structural changes there. But it all comes together, making sure that we are improving our engagement with all of our stakeholders, and that's where the third piece of work sits.

So Eduardo, we are focusing in base metals on the execution. And whatever that path for value unlock will come, it will be off a far more efficient base in the company.

Thank you.

Great. So my questions are, one, is on Salobo.

Can you comment a little bit more on how -- Salobo III, that is, a little bit more on how the project is unfolding after the situation that it faced in January? And also, it called my attention that the CapEx was kept at around $1.1 billion total CapEx despite this setback.

And so if you could elaborate a little bit more, if you're seeing efficiency somewhere else or if the cost -- overall cost of the incident is just not that relevant. And then the other, maybe, Marcelo, if you could elaborate a little bit on the pellet price and the premium.

We were expecting a little bit bigger multiple. And obviously, we were mistaken.

But it could be just a lagging effect, maybe the increase in metallic prices and higher-value iron ore products increase in price that we saw recently happened after you had signed your contracts for the quarter. So if you can elaborate a little bit more about the first quarter better price premium, and what do you expect in the second quarter and going forward, that will be very useful.

Thank you, Carlos, for the question regarding Salobo III. So just so that we all aligned Salobo III will deliver at least 30,000 to 40,000 tons of metal.

And in terms of the -- where we are in progress, that project is almost 70% complete. So as we previously guided, we are on track to start our first production at the end of November this year.

In terms of the capital, we are still holding on to the $1.1 billion of capital. The -- in fact, in terms of the progress on physical, and I think Eduardo mentioned at the start of the call, that we will be on site over the next day to actually talk to Olga and the team on that.

In terms of the work that the teams and I are doing now, it's making sure that we are derisking the operational readiness in terms of commissioning as well as the ramp-up. So Salobo III, as it stands, we are maintaining the guidance from the beginning of the year.

We're still on track for the end of the year start.

And then about the efficiency that you asked, Carlos, more -- we were really benefited by the exchange rate in this case. There were some COVID impacts, and the accident was minor, was not relevant.

But it's going to be on track for the dollar-wise $1.1 billion.

Carlos, thank you for your question. Well, we have a shortfall in the market is very tight.

We mentioned in the last conference call the impact coming from the conflict in Russia and Ukraine. For blast furnace and direct reduction, there's a pressure coming from the demand side in Midwest.

So in Q2, we settled the premiums before the conflict. So the numbers now are for blast furnace, 60.6%; 65.8% for direct reduction, and we see an upside risk for next quarter.

Two questions here. The first one to Gustavo.

Gustavo, about the expanded net debt guidance range, that's a big range, right? So can you give us more color on maybe at least for now what number should we be working with in terms of the expanded net debt?

Is it maybe closer to the top of the range for now? I'm asking because this obviously makes a big difference for dividend calculations on the extraordinary side.

The second question, about the Midwestern System sale. Could the counterparties of the take-or-pay agreements block the deal at all or that's not a possibility?

But if it is, what would be Vale's options here?

Thanks, Thiago. So on the expanded net debt, look, I think what we were able to do and the revision that we just conducted with our Board is just to essentially have more flexibility throughout the year because we do have some seasonality on our cash flow, right?

We have tax payments as we just saw in the first Q, dividend payments, even our sales have some seasonality. So that gave us -- I think, this new range gives us some flexibility throughout the year to operate around that $15 billion that we had before, but eventually, like we did in Q1 being able to operate above that level.

So that was the main reason for it. And we think now it provides again more flexibility, and it's a better way to communicate those leverage ratios to the market.

Regarding the transaction that we just signed to sell the Midwestern, no, we don't think it's going to be an issue. I mean, we have ways to accommodate any potential discussion with the counterparty.

So we think we're feeling very good about alternatives to be able to conclude that transaction.

Just a couple of questions on the iron ore production. Maybe just kind of looking at this year, obviously, your range is 320 million to 335 million.

Is it too early to say whether you think we're going to end up in the high or low end of that range? Obviously, it was a bit of a wet first quarter of the year, but you have had the crushers coming online.

So is the high end of the range still in place? Is that still realistic?

Or should we be thinking like more lower end of the range at this point in time? That's the first question.

And related to that, the second question, when we think a little bit more medium, longer term, obviously, you're still looking to get licenses to ramp up production further. Can you give us an update about what regulators are really looking for in those licenses?

And any progress that's been made there to get those licenses? That is my second question.

Thank you, Andreas. For first question, I think it's early to say.

But what can I say is that we prepare the systems to work with more availability in the dry season. That's the main message here.

And we're going to have the full operations coming from the Southeastern system, that's another important gap. So if you compare to last year, these are 2 very important components to consider in the volume for the whole year.

Midterm, I can see that we have 2 main actions here. First one in the North, as I mentioned in the presentation, we rely on permits.

We have some delay for this, what we call, the rolling license related to small pits, that we can add 5 million to 10 million tons that we replace and keep the volumes in the North range. We had some delays, but we expect to have this in the second quarter -- in the second half.

And for midterm, we rely on the expansion for the North range N3, N2, N1 and even the [indiscernible] you saw. If you have any problem in these systems, that can be a headwind for -- to reach 240 million tons.

We have back up -- a fallback position in the southern system with other products that are coming online, like Capanema and the recovery of the full production in Itabira that will come after Itabirucu. So we have a set of initiatives to bring more volumes.

But all of this, remember that we have that mantra, is the value over volume. So we're going to bring this if we see that the market needs.

So we are going to say and talk about our production next year only in the end of the year.

My two questions are quite simple. First one, we're seeing in the industry cost pressures all around.

So I just wanted to ask you if there is a renewed focus on this, if there's any opportunity, anything we can expect. So basically, just a few thoughts on the plans.

And my second question is more about how should we think about Vale in the medium to long term. I think the fact that you're announcing a large buy back is very important, very well received by investors.

But could we assume that there is also an implicit message that Vale is going to be, aside from focusing on the recovery of the volumes in iron ore and getting the expansion that we discussed here, such as Salobo III up and running, should we think about Vale more as a cash cow towards the future? Or is there also still a discussion on the growth agenda?

Yes, Rodolfo. Gustavo here.

So on the cost, as you've been seeing pretty much across all industries, right, everybody is having challenges. We are all facing very high inflationary pressure.

I think the good thing in our case is we've been working on this since last year. You may recall, in Vale Day, we came to announce improved [indiscernible] to reduce our cost base, a series of initiatives across the board that we are taking to optimize our cost base.

And what we are seeing in C1 today, just talking specific about C1, is the impact that we are having is basically FX and fuel cost, right, this year. So we've been able in the Q1 already to offset all of the inflationary pressures in labor services and so on with the initiatives that we have been working on since last year.

I think the other right side here is on the all-in side, given the premium -- better premiums this year than we're expecting, we are seeing our all-in for the year very much in line with last year, which we think it's a big win given again all the inflationary effect that we are having. So to your point, I think we've been able to accommodate and manage and offset all of the pressure on the cost -- on the fixed costs in local currency.

And what we are left with is FX, which we gave you some sensitivity today, and the fuel prices. But we are excited with the opportunities we are seeing to optimize our cost base.

With that, I'll pass the second question to Eduardo.

Okay. Thanks, Rodolfo.

Maybe the answer is a growing cash cow, big, big cash cow because I think nobody has the opportunity of growth that Vale has, right? I won't go back to the rationale about the share buybacks because we believe that's permanent.

That's the best investment that we can have. So we are buying back value at iron ore prices of $60, whatever, you price at where we are today.

So we are buying iron ore company about $60. So that's the rationale about buyback.

But when you look at iron ore itself, when we talk high quality, we don't buy the story that iron ore is a mature, dying business. We are a growing Class 1 iron ore business.

We can grow up to 400 million tons with high quality. Nobody can do that.

So we're going to need cash. We're going to use the cash for that.

So number one, use of cash is to grow in quality within iron ore, and goes back to Andreas' previous question around the difficulty of license set that we have to overcome as well. So first one is grow iron ore.

We have to grow copper, you know that. We have to go copper.

Like we have the Carajás province. This is not well explored.

It's a homework that we have to do. We are looking at it with more -- and reach more careful now that we are focusing 100% of our efforts on Base Metals.

So we need to grow copper there. We have huge opportunities there.

That will demand cash. We can grow copper and we can grow nickel.

That's a very important message here. We can grow nickel.

We can even -- with a lot of discipline, thinking something around [indiscernible], by the way, but we -- that's -- I think was the first question. The second question about the angles of Base Metals.

For the metals, we're talking about nickel, right? And Nickel has an optionality to grow to 300 million to 400 million tons -- 400,000 tonnes.

When you look at the gap, that's going to happen in the market, and there's the uses of cash for that as well. But still Vale's going to generate a huge amount of cash.

So I think it's fair to say, we can say, it is a cash cow. But a cash cow that will grow a lot.

It's is a growth -- how can I say, growth cow, I don't know how to answer you specific. But I don't see conflict on that.

I think that we are going to generate cash. We're going to shrink our share base.

And the ones that are buying the story now will be very happy in 5 years from now. SP6

Most of my questions have been answered. I was just wondering if you have any expectation as to the next steps of the SEC procedures in regard to the -- what they claim was misinformation that Vale provided about the conditions of the tailing dams or the dams prior to the Brumadinho event.

If you could comment on the expected time line for this investigation to continue to move forward. I know that you have already disclosed that you do not agree with those findings, but if you could give us more color, that would be great.

And my second question in regards -- you just talked a bit about costs. I remember that a few years ago, you used to say that your expectations for long-term prices in this industry were around $70 per ton, which was a level that you would generate decent returns and would not stimulate new supply coming to the market.

But cost inflation has been significant over the past few quarters and probably will continue this way over the quarters to come. Do you have any new expectation or updated expectations in regards to the long-term prices that you work with, maybe even to consider approving new growth projects, as Eduardo mentioned, that would be great.

Thanks, Daniel, Gustavo here. I'll get started and then Spinelli will cover your second question.

So look, regarding the SEC, the suit was expected, right, following last year's well notice. We certainly disagree and -- but we are reviewing.

We just received the e-mail and the information around it. And we will certainly contest the allegation.

So it's going to take its own time, and we will certainly keep the market updated.

Thank you, Daniel. Well, good question that the first number, $70 is not $70 anymore, right?

So that's -- even if you don't consider the supply-demand trend in the future, the $70 is not $70 anymore when you're putting inflation and all the impact that are here to stay. Second point, the transition to a greener world will be quite different that we could expect some years ago.

So price of energy will stay higher probably than expected in the 70 number here. So we are -- third component here, supply/demand.

So supply/demand will be tighter than before. From the supply side, all the projects and the possibilities to come to the market are much more difficult than before.

And finally, we need to educate ourselves to talk about what we call this class 1 iron ore. Our number is from the 70 up, but we need to add another 30 or 6 or 8 when we talk about the BRBF, or we need to add another premium for pellet or brake.

So we are working hard to have a kind of number that, we call this, Class 1 iron ore that is decoupled from the standard that you mentioned about the 70. So it's up and will be a wide gap when you consider the Class 1 iron ore.

I'll stick to the two questions. First of all, just on the iron ore side in terms of the value of the volume.

I guess we all hope that Chinese steel output will recover into H2. But if it doesn't, what's more important kind of getting to your guidance range?

Or will you continue this approach of just supplying the market if the demand is there? Because looking at the chart in the pack, you are guiding to a pretty steep pick-up in volumes in Q2 and into Q3.

My second question, I appreciate there's probably not much you can say, but on this SEC charges. Have you got any color in terms of how long this could go on for and the sort of timing that we could be looking at on that?

Yes. Thank you, Liam, for questions.

Spinelli here. So yes, value for volume, that's the name of the game.

And we expect the downstream demand in China. Our number is about 1 billion tons for crude steel production, and we will go to the market and supply the market with this trend.

We are -- we see this stability in the economy in China as a key trend for this year. So -- and we see a tight market and supply-demand balance.

For the first time in the year, after the first quarter, we can see as a whole in the shortfall comparing supply/demand, and a small one but it's a shortfall. And there will be a tight market for Q2 and Q3 that are more balanced in the last quarter.

Liam, Gustavo here. On the SEC, look, as I said before, we strongly disagree with the claim and with the suit.

We will certainly contest all the allegations. But it will take it some time.

So we'll make sure that the market is updated, but it will take its time.

Most of my questions have been answered. I just was curious, you did change the guidance that was given at Vale Day for the 2023 cost between $15.50 to $16 a ton.

Is that still a realistic target, assuming that we are to stay in this current higher energy cost, higher base level of inflationary environment? And then my second question would be is that you seem to have built up a lot of inventory over the last 6 months in the value chain within 2021, and it sort of did nothing really came out during early 2022.

I guess, how do you expect to see that evolve over the course of the year, just thinking in terms of sales versus production?

Tyler, let me go over the first one. So yes, on costs, certainly, there is -- if you were to maintain the current FX rate, for example, and the pressure on fuel prices, it could have an effect in 2023 on our C1.

But I think it's early to say. I think we have to see -- that's why we haven't revealed and provided any incremental data point.

I think it's early to say. We'll have to see where the energy prices settles, were FX settles.

So once we have more clarity, we will then update the market on '23. But I think based on the variance we see in '21 or in '22, the first Q '22, you kind of have a sense of the delta that we could see in '23 for those 2 variables?

Tyler, Spinelli here. So you're right.

We had some gaps in inventory in 2021. But remember that we were recovering our supply chain after in 2019, after Brumadinho, that we used our inventory to keep the sales and to keep the operations in our clients in -- mostly in China.

So we did this in '21 to keep the supply chain and the operation for blending. So what we expect for this year is the same pattern of last year, with an additional and the small part that we are concentrating some high silica awards in China.

That's a small gap that -- we can consider that in 10 million tons for this material. We have a mass recover of 70% -- 65% to 70%.

So that's the only difference between last year and this year.

First, why not build 5 or more of the Tecnored plants since they're so much better? Second, could you describe the second quarter and third quarter rebounds in the Northern System and the Southern System from the first quarter?

Are the problems only weather, et cetera?

Thank you, John. Spinelli here.

So Tecnored, you're right. That's a great solution.

But we need to prove the technology with the industrial scale. So that's what we're doing now.

It's a technology that we can -- in a small furnace, we can use biomass, and that will be -- and it can be used as a smelter also in the -- in our clients. So we can co-locate in our clients ore, use as an industrial plant for pig iron as we are developing now.

But we need to prove this. We are really confident.

We already have a small plant working and -- but we want to prove this firstly. And about a balance in Q2 and Q3, yes, the North range is -- that is the wet season.

So we still have a lower share as expected in this quarter, the second quarter. But they come with more than 70% when they return to the second half.

So that's what we expect. And as I mentioned, in the first quarter, we suffered more with some delays, but we are preparing the North branch.

That's the most important site for us to be more available in the second half.

Spinelli, I first wanted to ask you about demand in Europe. Just given the challenges that they face with higher energy costs and taking down some EAF production, what are you seeing in terms of iron ore demand there?

And then my second question was on nickel. So Deshnee, you mentioned a lot of the low-carbon nickel products that you have.

And obviously, there's value in that. But I'm just wondering, how does -- that does that translate into higher realized prices?

Or is that something that could potentially translate into higher realized prices in the future?

Thank you, Jonathan. Well, it's a tough answer about Europe.

Well, we have some numbers. We are not counting the full operation for CIS.

We see a decline between 20%, 25% this year. In Europe, we have a forecast for minus 1or minus 3, if you extend the view for the whole Europe.

But the main thing, when we're talking about this with our clients, they are full now, not CIS, but the other part of Europe. They are full, they are buying, but they are in a kind of short-term mode.

So they expect to have some impact coming from energy. At the end of the year, they can have some restrictions with the use of coal.

So they have concerns, but they don't have answers now for the whole thing. So they are in a short-term mode.

We are selling the same. Actually, there's a lot of pressure coming from the pellet side.

But we expect there will be some decline for the whole year, as I mentioned.

Thank you, Jon. I'll be very, very quick.

In keeping with our strategy to try and profit at least 25% to 30% of our production into EV, we know that in order for us to be ready for transition metals and what's happening on the critical mineral side, we have to show the world that we do have one of the lowest carbon intensity products. And that's the reason that we started the certification process.

But simply, as you said, I think for now, it's just to show that we are low-carbon both on the footprint side as well as on intensity. But going forward, as Eduardo mentioned, the world is going to need a lot more nickel.

We believe we can more than double our production for the right incentive. So I agree.

I think green nickel will definitely be a product that the market will need to incentivize and reward for. Thank you, Jon.

Okay. Thank you.

Again, thanks a lot for your interest and attention and questions, they are very helpful to even to guide our focus here. Just as a conclusion, I will reiterate or repeat what Gustavo said in the end of his introduction.

We are laser focused on our objectives. I think we are uniquely positioned to the ESG world.

While we see a climate challenge, we see a business opportunity, iron ore, Class 1, nickel, as we just -- as just mentioned, copper. So I don't think there's any other company in the world that has what we do have.

I'm extremely confident about our targets. Spinelli I didn't say, but we are not on the lower end.

For sure, guidance is guidance. But the only one that we are lowering the guidance to the lower end is copper because of the challenge and we are being realistic.

But we are extremely confident that we are going to get to our guidance. And lastly, we are showing with actions.

We are putting our money where our mouth is. Our capital discipline is extremely disciplined, and we are not letting by any opportunities to grow.

So we are going to keep as much as needed cash inside the company with discipline to grow our business that, again, I don't believe any other mining company in the world has such a suite of opportunities inside. So again, thanks a lot for your attention.

I hope to see or listen to you in the next call. And again, the ones that are in this marathon with us will truly benefit.

Thanks a lot and keep safe.